要考四六级了！给你一些高大上同义替换词，阅读作文拿高分

马上就要考四六级了！

临阵磨枪，不快也光！所以今天为大家推荐一些阅读和作文中常见的同义替换词，抽出一两个小时记住它们，到考场上合理运用+替换，一定能抓住阅读分数，还让你的作文增色不少！

- 1 -

guess

假设，猜想

❶ hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs] 

Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate.

他们的假说认为过度观看电视会导致注意力不集中等问题。

❷ speculation [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn]

The book is just a lot of idle speculation about the future.

这本书就是很多关于未来的无意义的猜想。

❸ assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn] 

Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.

她的计划是基于这样一个假设：经济将在不久的将来会有所改善。

- 2 -

suggestion

提议

❶ proposal [prəˈpəʊzl] 

This proposal would be a less restrictive way of obtaining the same information.

该提议是以相对宽松的方式获取同等信息。

❷ recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn]

The president, according to a White House statement last week, has decided to accept our recommendation. 

白宫发言人上周表示总统已经决定接受我们的提议。

❸ proposition [ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn]  

Right now, a significant minority (some 40 percent) of African-American voters already agrees with that proposition.

现在，少数非洲裔美国选民（将近40%）已经同意了该提议。

- 3 -

motivation

动机，动力

❶ impetus [ˈɪmpɪtəs]

This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery. 

这是促使经济复苏的主要动力。

❷ momentum [məˈmentəm]

They are each anxious to maintain the momentum of the search for a solution. 

他们每个人都迫切希望能一直劲头十足地去寻求解决方案。

❸ incentive [ɪnˈsentɪv]

She had not only the incentive, but the necessary opportunity.

她不但有动力，还有必要的机会。

❹ encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]

He's so invested in this dream of becoming a writer that any encouragement sends him flying.

他为实现作家梦付出了很大的心血，任何鼓励都让他非常高兴。

- 4 -

evaluation

评估，估计

❶ assessment [əˈsesmənt]

This was an uncharitable assessment of the reasons for the failure. 

这是对失败原因毫不讲情面的分析评估。

❷ appraisal [əˈpreɪzl]

What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation. 

在此类情况下需要对形势有一个冷静的评估。

❸ estimate [ˈestɪmət]

At least one estimate puts the total tab at $7 million. 

至少有一个估价把总数定在了700万美元。

❹  judgment [ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]

Our judgment as to the cause of his failure must rest on the evidence.

我们对他失败的原因评判应当基于证据。

- 5 -

disorder

混乱

❶ disorganization [dɪsˌɔ:ɡənaɪ'zeɪʃn]

Maybe this is just another manifestation of Democratic disorganization.

也许这又一次彰显了民主混乱。

❷ chaos [ˈkeɪɒs]

Whatever troubles arise, we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming chaos.

无论出现什么样的麻烦，我们都会在貌似混乱的情形中保持平和的心态。

❸ turbulence [ˈtɜ:bjələns]

The world situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility.

世界局势动荡不安。

❹ turmoil [ˈtɜ:mɔɪl]

My emotional turmoil had drained me.

纷乱的情绪让我心力交瘁。

- 6 -

tool

工具，设备

❶ appliance [əˈplaɪəns]

He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household appliances.

他可以再学学使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。

❷ equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]

The photographer came early to set up his equipment.

摄影师很早就把他的设备搭起来了。

❸  device [dɪˈvaɪs]

The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells.

这台仪器可以辨别癌细胞和正常的细胞。

❹ apparatus [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]

They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.

他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。

❺ instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]

The veto has been a traditional instrument of diplomacy for centuries.

几个世纪以来否决权一直是外交上惯用的手段。

- 7 -

league

同盟，联盟

❶ coalition [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn]

The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.

自由党领袖已宣布该党退出执政联盟。

❷ alliance [əˈlaɪəns]

Yet now he was here, in extremis, to seek an alliance.

然而现在他就在这里，在绝境中寻求联盟。

❸ ally [ˈælaɪ]

He is a close ally of the prime minister.

他是首相的亲密支持者。

❹ union [ˈju:niən]

In union there is strength.

团结就是力量。

- 8 -

leisure

娱乐消遣

❶ pastime [ˈpɑ:staɪm]

Reading always been an important part of learning and enjoyable pastime.

一直以来读书都是学习中的一个重要部分，也是消磨时间的好方法。

❷ recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃn]

All the family members need to have their own interests and recreations.

所有的家庭成员都需要有自己的兴趣和休闲方式。

❸ diversion [daɪˈvɜ:ʃn]

Finger painting is very messy but an excellent diversion.

用手指画画是很脏，但却是一项极好的消遣。

- 9 -

way

方式，方法

❶ manner [ˈmænə(r)]

The issue will be resolved in a manner that is fair to both sides.

这个问题将用对双方都公平的方式来解决。

❷ fashion [ˈfæʃn]

She speaks in a very strange fashion.

她说话的方式非常奇怪。

❸ approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]

We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.

我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。

❹ tactic [ˈtæktɪk]

The giant oil corporations are earning fabulous profits by cunning tactics.

这些大石油公司以狡诈的手段赚取巨额利润。

❺means [mi:nz]

Do you have any means of identification?

你有什么鉴定的方法吗？

❻ channel [ˈtʃænl]

The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.

美国人认识到可以通过联合国这个渠道开展更多的外交活动。

- 10 -

standard

标准

❶ criteria [kraɪ'tɪərɪə]

The criteria will be different from those that pertain elsewhere.

这里的标准将不同于其他地方适用的标准。

❷ norm [nɔ:m]

We conform to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they exist.

我们很轻而易举便遵守规则，所以我们很难意识到它们的存在。

- 11 -

progress

进展

❶ advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]

Medical technology has advanced considerably.

医学技术突飞猛进。

❷ headway ['hedweɪ]

She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.

她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。

- 12 -

hope

渴望，希望

❶ desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)]

They seem to regain their desire for life.

他们似乎重获对生活的热望。

❷ eagerness ['i:gənɪs]

He began to explain with the most considerable eagerness.

他开始万分热诚地解释。

❸ urge [ɜ:dʒ]

He had an urge to open a shop of his own.

他很想自己开一家店。

❹ hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)]

I can't understand why he seems to have no hunger for knowledge.

我不明白为什么他看上去对知识毫无兴趣。

❺ yearning [ˈjɜ:nɪŋ]

He has always a yearning to be a schoolteacher.

他一直想成为一名老师。

- 13 -

sense

意识

❶ consciousness [ˈkɒnʃəsnəs]

He is acutely conscious that this transition will bring with it the risk of social unrest.

他非常清楚这种转变伴随着社会动乱的危险。

❷  awareness [əˈweənəs]

He introduced radio to the school to increase the children's awareness.

他在学校开通广播，以增进孩子们的认知。

❸ perception [pərˈsepʃn]

Another interesting issue deals with certain cultures' perception of beauty.

另一个有趣的问题与特定文化中美的感知有关。

- 14 -

character

性格

❶ disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn]

He was a man of decisive action and an adventurous disposition.

他是一个行动果断又爱冒险的人。

❷ personality [ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti]

He has a very pleasant personality.

他性格很讨人喜欢。

❸ temperament [ˈtemprəmənt]

His impulsive temperament regularly got him into difficulties.

他容易冲动，经常因此惹麻烦。

❹ nature [ˈneɪtʃə(r)]

She feels that her ambitious nature made her unsuitable for an arranged marriage.

她觉得她不安分的个性不适合包办的婚姻。

- 15 -

promise

承诺

❶ commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt]

They made a commitment to peace.

他们承诺要维护和平。

❷ pledge [pledʒ]

In the treaty both sides pledge to respect human rights.

双方在条约中都承诺将尊重人权。

❸ engagement [ɪnˈgeɪdʒmənt]

All his time seems to be taken up with social engagements.

社会约定占据了他所有的时间。

- 16 -

feeling

情感、情绪

❶ mood [mu:d]

People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorder.

过度使用互联网可能会导致抑郁症或其他情绪紊乱的问题。

❷ emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn] 

A tide of emotion rose and clouded his judgment.

心头涌起一阵强烈的感情，模糊了他的判断力。

❸ sentiment [ˈsentɪmənt]

He found growing sentiment for military action.

他发现支持采取军事行动的情绪日益高涨。

- 17 -

attraction

吸引力

❶ appeal [əˈpi:l]

The game has lost its appeal.

这个游戏失去了吸引力。

❷ fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn]

Water holds a fascination for most children.

水对多数孩子都有极大的吸引力。

❸ charm [tʃɑ:m] 

'Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs', the 1937 Disney classic, has lost none of its original charm.

1937年迪斯尼推出的经典之作《白雪公主和七个小矮人》魅力不减当年。

❹ lure [lʊə(r)] 

The lure of rural life is proving as strong as ever.

事实证明，乡村生活的魅力丝毫未减。

❺allurement [ə'ljʊəmənt] 

Money is a kind of allurement for us.

对我们来说金钱是种诱惑物。

❻ temptation[tempˈteɪʃn] 

Don't succumb to the temptation to have just one cigarette.

不要经不住诱惑，只抽一支烟也不行。

- 18 -

duty

责任

❶ responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti] 

Responsibility and moderation were to be the keynotes of their foreign policy.

责任和克制将是他们外交政策的核心。

❷ obligation [ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃn] 

Co-operation was more than just an attractive option, it was an obligation.

合作不仅仅是诱人的选择，它也是一种责任。

❸ accountability [əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ] 

Good management in the police cannot be divorced from accountability.

对警察队伍的良好管理和应负的责任是分不开的。

- 19 -

choice

选择

❶ option [ˈɒpʃn]

The menu changes weekly and usually includes a vegan option.

菜单每周都有变化，通常包含可供严格的素食者选择的菜肴。

❷ alternative [ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv]

You have the alternative of riding or walking.

你可以选择骑车或者步行。

❸ preference [ˈprefrəns] 

Parents can express a preference for the school their child attends.

父母可以表达对自己孩子所上学校的偏好。

❹selection [sɪˈlekʃn] 

There is a wide selection of food available.

有很多可供选择的食物。

- 20 -

agreement

契约协议

❶ contract [ˈkɒntrækt] 

A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.

正式签订了每年可续签的合同。

❷ pact [pækt] 

A non-aggression pact will be signed between the two countries.

两国将签署互不侵犯条约。

❸ treaty [ˈtri:ti]

The treaty binds them to respect their neighbor's independence.

条约规定他们必须尊重其邻国的独立。

- 21 -

fee

费用

❶ payment [ˈpeɪmənt] 

Thousands of its customers are in arrears with loans and mortgage payments.

有数千客户拖欠其贷款和抵押贷款还款。

❷ cost [kɒst]

Companies are moving jobs to towns with a lower cost of living.

各公司正在把工作岗位转移至生活费用较低的城镇。

❸ spending [ˈspendɪŋ]

He's a staunch supporter of controls on government spending.

他坚决支持控制政府开支。

❹ expense [ɪkˈspens]

They want to cut down their utility expenses.

他们想减少水、电、燃气费等的支出。

❺expenditure [ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)] 

It is questionable whether the expenditure on this project is really justified.

该项目的开支是否真的合理还未可知。

❻toll [təʊl] 

All vehicles travelling across the bridge have to pay a toll.

所有过桥的车辆都要付过桥费。

- 22 -

difference

不同

❶ distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃn] 

Many people make a sharp distinction between humans and other animals.

很多人认为人类和其他动物截然不同。

❷ divergence [daɪ'vɜ:dʒəns] 

A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.

失之毫厘，谬以千里。

❸ discrepancy [dɪsˈkrepənsi] 

The discrepancy in their ages seemed not to matter.

他们之间年龄的差异似乎没有多大关系。

- 23 -

conflict

矛盾冲突

❶ paradox [ˈpærədɒks] 

“More haste, less speed”is a paradox.

“欲速则不达”是一句似是而非的隽言。

❷ contradiction [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn] 

Once the principal contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.

一旦抓住了主要矛盾，一切问题就迎刃而解。

❸ controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜ:si] 

They had a bitter controversy over the question.

他们在这个问题上有很大的争论。

❹ dispute [dɪˈspju:t] 

They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.

他们同意通过谈判来努力解决纠纷。

- 24 -

trend

趋势

❶ tendency [ˈtendənsi] 

Matters have taken a new tendency towards peace.

事态有了向和平方向发展的新趋势。

❷ inclination [ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn] 

He did not show the slightest inclination to leave.

他丝毫没有表现出要离开的意思。

- 25 -

hardly

几乎不

❶ barely [ˈbeəli]

We could barely see the other cars because of the fog.

因为有雾，我们几乎看不到别的汽车。

❷ scarcely [ˈskeəsli] 

His style could scarcely be further removed from that of his predecessor.

他的风格几乎和他的前辈如出一辙。

- 26 -

immediately

立即，马上

❶ promptly [ˈprɒmptli]

Responding promptly to accidents and other emergencies is important, but it is their smallest job.

及时响应事故和其他紧急情况是很重要的，但这是他们最基本的工作。

❷ instantly [ˈɪnstəntli] 

I recognized her instantly she entered the room.

她一进房间我就认出了她。

- 27 -

before

之前

❶ prior to [ˈpraɪə(r)]

Prior to that time, buffalo had roamed the Great Plains in tremendous numbers.

在那之前，很多野牛出没于大平原上。

❷ previously ['pri:vɪəslɪ] 

The device had been used operationally some months previously.

该设备几个月之前曾投入运行。

❸ in advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]

Clients normally pay fees in advance, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.

客户通常按月、季度或年度预付费用。 

最后温馨提示：

虽说是替换词，但每个词之间又有微妙的差别，所以提供了例句，大家细细体会，实际运用时，根据语境选择最恰当的词。

本文转载自微信公众号“有道考神四六级”，已获授权。

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